Burner for burning various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to a burner for burning various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels simultaneously, i.e., a burner which can operate and work simultaneously with gaseous and liquid combustibles and with liquids and or gas containing materials to be incinerated. The burner of the invention comprises a first tubular outer shell and a plurality of concentrically arranged tubular inner shells forming a number of ring shaped chambers opening into a common mixing chamber provided at the front end of said first shell each of said chambers communicating with a source of combustion air or a source of fuels, the burner further comprising means for the controlled feeding of combustion air or fuel into said chambers.

United States Patent [191 Ghelfi 1 1 BURNER FOR BURNING VARIOUS LIQUID AND GASEOUS COMBUSTIBLES OR FUELS Salvatore Ghelfi, 8610 Uster Bordackerstrasse 18, Uster, Switzerland 22 Filed: Jan. 8, 1973 21 Appl. No.2 321,987

[76] Inventor:

[451 July 9,1974

3,729,285 4/1973 Schwedersky 431/284 Primary Examiner-Kenneth W. Sprague [5 7] ABSTRACT The present invention relates to a burner for burning various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels simultaneously, i.e., a burner which can operate and work simultaneously with gaseous and liquid combustibles and with liquids and or gas containing materials to be incinerated. The burner of the invention comprises a first tubular outer shell and a plurality of concentrically arranged tubular inner shells forming a number of ring shaped chambers opening into a common mixing chamber provided at the front end of said first shell each of said chambers communicating with a source of combustion air or a source of fuels, the burner further comprising means for the controlled feeding of combustion air or fuel into said chambers.

4 Claims, 2 Drawing Figures BURNER FOR BURNING VARIOUS LIQUID AND GASEOUS COMBUSTIBLES OR FUELS BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a bumer useful for burning various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels simultaneously if desired. Sludged liquids, i.e., liquids containing solid materials to be incinerated, should also be considered as combustibles in the present invention.

Known burners are usually constructed for burning fuel or for incinerating a single material or a mixture of materials by feeding to a combustion chamber an atomized mixture of fuel, material to be incinerated and combustion air.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a new type of burner permitting to feed to a combustion chamber a mixture of fuel and of various combustibles or materials to be incinerated.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a new and useful burner of the type permitting to feed the combustibles into the center of the flame or into outer regions thereof.

The burner for various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels in accordance with the invention com prises a first tubular outer shell and a plurality of concentrically arranged tubular inner shells forming a number of ring shaped chambers opening into a common mixing chamber provided at the front end of said first shell, each of said chambers communicating with a source of combustion air or a source of fuels, the burner further comprising means for the controlled feeding of combustion air or fuel into said chambers.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention the said outer shell projects into a combustion chamber thereby forming a ring shaped zone or chamber between the part of said outer shell projecting into the combustion chamber and the end and side walls of said combustion chamber.

A still further object of the invention is a burner for various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels, comprising a plurality of longitudinal tubular concentrically arranged shells forming a number of ring shaped chamber closed at their rear ends and opening at their front ends into a common mixing or combustion chamber, and further comprising fuel or combustion air feeding ducts for each of said chambers and means for the controlled feeding of combustion air or fuel into said chambers.

A further object of the invention is a burner for various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels, comprising a tubular central nozzlefor injecting liquid fuel, a plurality of concentric shells mounted on said nozzle and forming a number of chambers between them, each of said chambers being connected to a source of combustion air or material to be burned.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Embodiments of the presentinvention will hereinafter be described with reference to the drawings in which:

FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a burner in accordance-with the invention, and

FIG. 2 a longitudinal section through a further embodiment, particularly through a nozzle for injecting liquid fuel.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 of the drawing shows a burner comprising a cylindrical outer shell 1. A feeding duct 2 for combustion air is connected to shell 1. A flap valve 3. operable by means of a lever 4, is mounted in said duct 2.

A mounting element 5 on the rear end of shell 1 holds a second cylindrical shell 6 concentrically within shell 1.

A combustion air duct 7 interconnects the main duct 2 and the tubular shell 6. A further flap valve 8, operable by means of a lever 9, is mounted within said duct 7.

A mounting part 10 at the rear end of shell 6 holds a further tubular shell 11 concentrically within shell 6. A duct 12, provided with a flap valve 13 operable by means of a lever 14, is fixed on shell 11 for feeding a combustible or a mixture of fuel and material to be incinerated.

I A further mounting part 15 at the rear end of shell 1 1 holds a tubular shell 16 concentrically within shell 11. A combustion air duct 17 interconnects the main duct 2 and the tubular shell 16. A flap valve 18, operable by means of a lever 19, is mounted within duct 17.

A nozzle 21 is fixed, by means of a mounting part 20 at the end of shell 16, concentrically within shell 16. The nozzle 21 serves for feeding the liquid fuel or a mixture of fuel and materials to be incinerated.

As can be seen from the drawing, ring shaped longitudinal chambers are formed between the different adjacent shells, such as chambers 22,23,24 and chamber 25 between shell 16 and the central nozzle 21. All these chambers open at their front ends into a mixing chamber 30 provided within the front end portion of shell 1.

The front end portion 26 of shell 1 projects within a further shell 27 forming a combustion chamber 28. The inner walls of chamber 28 are lined with ceramic materials. Ignition means of any known type are provided, i.e., mounted in chamber 28.

A ring shaped chamber or zone 29 is formed between the outer wall of the front end portion 26 of shell 1 and the end and side walls of chamber 28.

' FIG. 2 shows a section through a nozzle of a burner, such as eg a nozzle as shown by 21 in FIG. 1.

The nozzle is formed by concentrically arranged tubes 31, 35, 49 and 43 each mounted on the adjacent one by means of the closure and mounting parts 32,36 and 40 respectively. Each tube 31,35,39 and 43 has at its front end a conical head 33,37, 41 and 49 respectively.

The tube 43 may be slidably mounted within tube 39. Ring shaped chambers 45,46 and 47 are formed between the tubes 31, 35 and 35,39 and 39, 43 respectively. A feed duct 34,38 and 42 leads into said chambers 45,46 and 47 respectively at the rear ends thereof. A feed duct 44 leads into the tube 43.

As already mentioned, this nozzle could be used in the burner described in FIG. 1 as the fuel injection nozzle 21.

In operation of the burner the combustion air is introduced through duct 2 and it penetrates through chamber 22 into the combustion chamber 28. A desired portion of combustion air will flow through ducts 7 and 17, chambers 23 and 25 and finally also enter chamber 28.

The whole mass of combustion air coming from chambers 22,23 and 25 with great velocity and laminar flow will therefore produce a depression in the ring zone 29. This will produce a turbulent flow in said zone and in the combustion chamber 28.

The gaseous fuel is fed into the burner through duct 12, traverses chamber 24 and will be mixed with the combustion air in the mixing chamber 30. Ignition of the mixture can take place within chamber and propagate to the combustion chamber 28.

Simultaneously with the operation by gaseous fuel the burner may also operate with liquid fuel or combus tibles. The liquid fuel will be introduced through nozzle 21, i.e., through duct 44 and tube 43 of the nozzle shown in FIG. 2.

For atomizing the liquid fuel a pressurized gas (va por, air or any gas) may be introduced through duct 42 and the chamber 47 into the passage 48 at the front end 49 of tube 43. This will provide for an effective atomization of the fuel. The atomization can still be amelio rated by introducing a further fluid through duct 38 and chamber 46 opening into passage 48.

A still further amelioration is possible by introducing a gaseous fluid, at high temperature for example, through duct 34 and chamber 45, thereby increasing the inflammability of the mixture.

It would also be possible to introduce a liquid, combustible or not, through duct 38, e.g. a sludged liquid, the solid parts thereof having to be incinerated, this particularly if the nozzle or burner is used in an incinerating furnace. The same mixture could also be introduced through duct 12 of the burner of FIG. 1.

The flap valves 3, 8 and 18 serve to control the volume and thereby the pressure of the combustion air introduced into the mixing chamber 30 and to thereby stabilize the mixture and the oxidation in the different zones of the flame produced.

The turbulent flow and the turbulence in the zone 29 of the combustion chamber 28 permit an enlargement of the flame against the walls lined with ceramic materials of the shell 27 forming the combustion chamber 28. The flame fills completely the combustion chamber 28 and avoids that air not mixed with fuel can enter into the furnace where the burner is mounted.

The burner of the present invention can operate and work simultaneously with gaseous and liquid combustibles and liquids or gas containing materials to be incinerated.

The flap valves may be operated manually or automatically, individually or simultaneously.

As already mentioned, the central tube 43 of the nozzle, eg of nozzle 21 may be movable with respect to the other tubes of the nozzle. It would also be possible to mount and arrange other tubes of the nozzle or of the burner movable with respect to others, thereby varying e.g. the velocity of the fluid in the passage 48.

What is claimed is:

1. A burner for various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels, comprising a first tubular outer shell and a plurality of concentrically arranged tubular inner shells forming a number of ring shaped chambers opening into a common mixing chamber provided at the front end of said first shell, each of said chambers communicating with a source of combustion air or a source of fuels, and means for the controlled feeding of combustion air or fuel into said chambers, said outer shell projecting into a combustion chamber thereby forming a ring shaped zone or chamber between the part of said outer shell projecting into the combustion chamber and the end and side walls of said combustion chamber.

2. A burner according to claim 1 wherein said ring shaped chambers are closed at their rear ends and open at their front ends into said common mixing chamber, and there is further provided fuel or combustion air feeding ducts for each of said chambers.

3. A burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein the innermost of said concentric tubular shells is mounted axially slidable with respect to the other shells.

4. A burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the innermost shell is a nozzle for injecting a liquid fuel. 

1. A burner for various liquid and gaseous combustibles or fuels, comprising a first tubular outer shell and a plurality of concentrically arranged tubular inner shells forming a number of ring shaped chambers opening into a common mixing chamber provided at the front end of said first shell, each of said chambers communicating with a source of combustion air or a source of fuels, and means for the controlled feeding of combustion air or fuel into said chambers, said outer shell projecting into a combustion chamber thereby forming a ring shaped zone or chamber between the part of said outer shell projecting into the combustion chamber and the end and side walls of said combustion chamber.
 2. A burner according to claim 1 wherein said ring shaped chambers are closed at their rear ends and open at their front ends into said common mixing chamber, and there is further provided fuel or combustion air feeding ducts for each of said chambers.
 3. A burner as claimed in claim 2, wherein the innermost of said concentric tubular shells is mounted axially slidable with respect to the other shells.
 4. A burner as claimed in claim 1, wherein the innermost shell is a nozzle for injecting a liquid fuel. 